Category: Essentials of Economics: Ch 15
The European Central Bank has its tenth anniversary this year and the year is shaping up to be one of the toughest of the last decade in terms of economic management. While the Eurozone has generally withstood the global credit crisis very well, there are some possible problems emerging and the ECB will have to manage interest rates carefully to cater for the conflicting demands from economies at different stages of the business cycle.
If the Eurozone is on fire, will the ECB get burnt? Observer (1/6/08)
More testing times ahead as the euro turns ten Times Online (26/5/08)
Euro growth better than expected BBC News Online (15/5/08)
Questions
| 1. |
Explain the role of the European Central Bank (ECB). |
| 2. |
Assess the difficulties faced by the ECB in setting interest rates for the whole Eurozone. |
| 3. |
Discuss the extent to which the economic performance of stronger countries in the Eurozone will be constrained by weaker-performing economies. |
A recent report from the World Bank has suggested that developing countries need to grow significantly if they are to avoid high levels of poverty. The report suggested that without rapid and sustained growth up to 4 billion people could be living in abject poverty by 2050.
‘Choose growth or accept poverty for billions’ Guardian (22/5/08)
The Doha dilemma The Economist (29/5/08)
Questions
| 1. |
Summarise the main findings of the World Bank report. |
| 2. |
Is rapid economic growth (a) a necessary condition and/or (b) a sufficient condition for alleviating poverty in developing countries. |
| 3. |
Evaluate two policies that a developing country could adopt to raise levels of economic growth. |
The euro has climbed during March to a record high against both the dollar and the pound. The reluctance of the ECB to cut interest rates has simply served to strengthen this trend and it looks set to continue for a while.
Euro hits record highs Times Online (6/3/08)
Euro hits new highs as ECB rejects early cut in rates Times Online (7/3/08)
Sterling hits new low against euro Guardian (5/3/08)
Dollar slides to fresh euro low BBC News Online (14/3/08)
Questions
| 1. |
Explain the principal factors that have led to the appreciation of the euro against the dollar.
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| 2. |
Discuss the likely impact of this appreciation on firms in (a) the eurozone and (b) America. |
| 3. |
Examine whether the appreciation of the euro strengthens or weakens the case for those in the UK wanting to join the euro. |
Microfinance is a topic we have addressed before in these news items and we make no apologies for returning to it again. The articles linked to below include an interview in the Guardian with Muhammad Yunus, the Nobel prize-winning founder of the Grameen Bank which is credited with lifting millions out of poverty with small loans – microfinance. There is also a podcast from Mervyn Davies the Chairman of Standard Chartered Bank Plc.
Microfinance and financial inclusion Times Online podcast (18/0/07)
Microfinance and financial inclusion (transcript for podcast) Times Online (18/0/07)
What’s the big idea? Guardian (16/2/08)
Questions
| 1. |
Explain what is meant by ‘microfinancing’. |
| 2. |
Discuss the likely effectiveness of microfinancing as a tool for promoting economic development (as opposed to economic growth). |
| 3. |
Evaluate two policies other than microfinancing that will help to promote economic development. |
The fall in the dollar has continued with the value of sterling rising above $2.10 for the first time in 26 years. The articles below look at a range of issues related to the strong pound and there are also case studies of the impact on a guitar strings company and the manufacturer JCB.
Questions
| 1. |
Identify the main factors that have caused the fall in the value of the dollar. Use supply and demand to illustrate your answer as appropriate. |
| 2. |
Assess the impact of the strong pound on UK exporters and importers. |
| 3. |
Discuss whether intervention in the foreign exchange market may be appropriate to help UK exporters to remain more competitive in world markets. |